The Different Types of Elevators
Today, elevators are more popular than ever. They are used in commercial buildings all over the world and are also found in many homes.
The first passenger elevator was unveiled at the Crystal Palace in 1854. The Crystal Palace is a building located in New York, which was a meeting place for inventors from around the world. This early passenger elevator was designed by Elisha Otis, who is considered to be the father of the elevator. It incorporated a special safety mechanism that prevented the elevator from falling in the event of a cable failure.
For commercial settings, there are three basic drive types that are used to lift an elevator.
Traction elevators
There are two types of traction elevators: Geared and gearless. However, both of these types of elevators utilize electric motors.
Geared traction elevators make use of a special type of gear called a worm gear, which is a special lifting system, which features a gear whose teeth make contact with a screw. As the screw turns, the gear is turned by the threads on the screw. The advantage of a worm gear is that it greatly reduces the amount of work that is required to move something.
The turning gear is responsible for operating the elevators cabling system and can move the elevator at speeds up to 500 feet per minute.
A gearless traction elevator uses a system similar to a geared one, but the electric engine is attached directly to the hoist cable. These elevators can move much quicker than a geared system and utilize a drum brake system, which is similar to the type found on most cars.
Both of these elevators utilize a cable drive system and use a counterweight to reduce the amount of effort it takes to move the elevator. The counterweight is attached to the end of the cable and moves up and down the elevator shaft on its own rail.
The Hydraulic elevators
One of the first hydraulic elevators was developed by the sons of Elisha Otis in 1870. Their elevator used city water and a very innovative way of building up water pressure. However, today most Hydraulic elevators use a special type of oil and share a designed that is based off of an elevator created by Dover Elevator Company.
While many of today’s hydraulic elevators are very similar to the one developed by Dover, there are also a number of other types of hydraulic elevators.
For example, Roped Hydraulic Elevators utilize a cable in combination with hydraulics and twin post hydraulic elevators are able to move higher than a traditional hydraulic elevator.
Another type of elevator is the Holeless Hydraulic elevators. Holeless elevators are unique, because the hydraulic system is located on the elevator. In most other hydraulic episodes, the hydraulics are located on the ground floor.
The Climbing Elevator
These elevators are powered by an electric or a combustion engine, which is contained on the elevator. It climbs a guide rail and are often used on ships and construction sites. On a ship, a climbing elevator is often found on its mast.
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